eTutorPhysics

backwashing	the process of cleaning a rapid sand or mechanical filter by reversing the flow of water.

base	any substance which contains hydroxyl (OH) groups and furnishes hydroxide ions in solution; a molecular or ionic substance capable of combining with a proton to form a new substance; a substance that provides a pair of electrons for a covalent bond with an acid; a solution with a pH of greater than 7.

bioassay	an assay method using a change in biological activity as a qualitative or quantitative means of analyzing a material response to industrial waste and other wastewater by using viable organisms or live fish as test organisms.

biomonitoring	the use of living organisms to test the suitability of effluent for discharge into receiving waters and to test the quality of such waters downstream from a discharge.

breakdown	failure of insulator or insulating medium to prevent discharge or current flow.

british thermal unit (btu)	the quantity of heat necessary to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water by 1 oF.

buffer	a solution selected or prepared to minimize changes in hydrogen ion concentration which would otherwise occur as a result of a chemical reaction..

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